Chemical etching uses acidic chemicals to remove material and create an etched pattern on a metal surface. This article delves into the fundamental processes of chemical etching, its myriad applications, and nuanced techniques employed to achieve precision and perfection in the final product.   Electronic circuit chip (fabricated through chemical etching) Introduction In the intricate […]

Testing PCBs involves using various methods and tools to ensure that all the individual elements of a PCB perform optimally, making up a high-quality PCB assembly. This article delves into the methods, procedures, and requirements of PCB testing. Electronic Circuit Board Introduction to PCB Testing Testing is integral to PCB manufacturing, ideally conducted throughout the production […]

Vias are small holes in a PCB that enable electrical connections between different layers of the board. In the context of PCB design, via tenting refers to the process of covering the vias with a protective layer, typically a solder mask or dry film. This protective layer shields the vias from environmental factors, such as […]

A microvia connects layers in HDI substrates and PCBs, enabling high input/output density in advanced packages. This article delves into the role and significance of microvias in modern electronics, exploring their impact on device miniaturization and functionality.   PCB with a green solder mask and high-density interconnects Introduction Microvias represent a crucial innovation in printed […]

Bare boards are the skeletal framework of printed circuit boards (PCBs). They are without electrical components which should have made it a fully functional PCB. This article details the uses, benefits, and drawbacks of bare boards, including the types of bare board testing.   Bare printed circuit board Introduction The bare printed circuit board is […]

PCB layers are the copper layers within a printed circuit board, laminated between or onto layers of conductive material. These layers are stacked to enhance the functionality of electronic devices. This article explores the concept of PCB layering, the various types of layers, and their benefits.   Multilayer Printed Circuit Board Introduction PCB layers are […]

Printed Circuit Board Vertical Interconnect Access (PCB VIAs) are small plated holes that create electrical connections between different circuit board layers. This article delves into the various types, functions, and best practices of PCB VIAs to help you optimize your PCB design.   Introduction  A via, short for Vertical Interconnect Access, is an essential component […]