PCB color is the pigmented lacquer that manufacturers coat printed circuit boards with. This is usually the color of solder mask. But there’s also another layer called silkscreen. Since these layers are differently colored for trace and other visibility, well start by looking at the options for each. PCB Solder Mask Colors Solder mask is the thin layer that’s used to cover the copper traces. This layer shields the board from damage and short circuits. But while solder mask is traditionally green, it isn’t the only color that manufacturers can use. Other common PCB solder mask colors include yellow, black, white, yellow, red and purple. PCB Silkscreen Colors PCB silkscreen […]

  Resistance refers to the resistance that current encounters in a circuit, or the ability of an object to obstruct the current. The greater the resistance, the greater the resistance to current, and therefore the less current. On the contrary, the smaller the resistance, the less resistance the current is subjected to, and thus the greater the current. The symbol for resistance is’ R ‘. Resistance is a very important basic component in a circuit, which refers to the resistance that current encounters when passing through a certain material or device. Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω), and its value depends on the magnitude of the current and the properties of the material. In circuits, […]

Raspberry Pi is a microcomputer based on ARM architecture, which has won the favor of developers worldwide with its credit card-sized size and powerful features. With the continuous advancement of technology, Raspberry Pi has also continued to release new versions, of which Raspberry Pi 4 and Raspberry Pi 5 are the latest versions of the series. In this article, we will delve into the hardware performance of Raspberry Pi 4 and Raspberry Pi 5, and help you better understand the advantages and disadvantages of these two products through data comparison. I. Processor and Performance The Raspberry Pi 4 uses a quad-core ARM Cortex-A72 processor with a clock speed of 1.5 […]

Starting from this section, we will focus on analyzing the applications of various components in EMC, typically including inductors, capacitors, magnetic beads, resistors, and magnetic rings. The first is the capacitor. 1. In EMC design, the characteristics of the aforementioned components are related to an important factor, such as frequency. Talking about capacitors, inductors, and magnetic beads without discussing frequency is meaningless. Capacitance can be understood as the series connection of parasitic inductance and capacitance. When the frequency exceeds the resonant frequency, the capacitive reactance is smaller than the inductive reactance, and the circuit gradually exhibits inductance characteristics. The resonant frequency can be calculated using the following formula. f =1/（2π√C […]

What Is the Difference Between PCBA and PCB? Printed circuit board (PCB) and printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) are both important terms in the electronics industry. Some people use them interchangeably, but they are actually two distinct things. The main difference between these two terms is that PCB refers to a blank circuitry board, while PCBA refers to a board that contains all of the necessary electronic components for the board to function as needed. A PCB is not yet functional because it does not have the required components in place, while a PCBA is a complete and functional board. PCBs and PCBAs are two different parts of the same […]

The factory for assembling electronic products mainly includes two production lines: SMT surface assembly and DIP plug-in assembly. SMT is the process of attaching electronic components onto a PCB circuit board through a device, then heating them in a furnace (usually referred to as a reflow soldering furnace), and fixing the components onto the PCB board through solder paste soldering; And DIP has some large connectors that cannot be connected to the PCB board by devices, so it needs to be plugged into the PCB board by humans or other automated devices.   In the production process of SMT and DIP, various factors can lead to some quality problems in the products, […]

During SMT processing, electrostatic discharge can cause damage or failure to electronic components. With the improvement of IC integration and the gradual reduction of components, the impact of electrostatic discharge becomes increasingly severe. According to statistics, static electricity accounts for 8% to 33% of the factors that lead to the failure of electronic products, and the annual loss of electronic products caused by static electricity can reach billions of dollars. Therefore, implementing electrostatic protection measures is very important in SMT production. This article will provide a detailed introduction to how to take effective electrostatic protection measures from the generation of static electricity to the protection of components and scenes. How […]

What is Impedance Control and Signal Matching Impedance control is matching PCB trace dimensions and locations with the properties of the substrate material to make sure that the strength of a signal traveling along a trace is within a required range. The continual increase in device switching speeds is confronting engineers with signal integrity(SI) problems and eventually, most devices are going to have to deal with SI issues. So, Printed Circuit Board(PCB) traces can no longer be treated as a simple point-to-point connection. Traces need to be considered as transmission lines and impedance matching becomes necessary to lessen or eliminate the impact on SI. By following good design practices and approaches, many potential signal integrity issues can be averted or mitigated. So, here we’ll talk […]