In designing a high-speed analog signal chain, there are many options to consider for printed circuit board (PCB) layout, some more important than others and some dependent on the application. The final answer varies, but in all cases, design engineers should try to eliminate deviations from best practices without obsessing over every detail of layout and routing.   Exposed pad Exposed pad (EPAD) is sometimes overlooked, but it is very important to get the most out of the signal chain and to adequately dissipate heat from the device. The exposed pad, which Analog Devices calls pin 0, is the pad underneath most devices today. It is an important connection through […]

PCB X ray inspection means using an x ray machine to examine printed circuit boards. X rays are extremely high-frequency and high-energy electromagnetic waves of very short lengths, shorter than those of visible light. These waves can penetrate solid objects. In the world of electronics, manufacturers use the penetrability of x rays to view hidden features of printed circuit boards. For example, with X ray inspection, PCB components such as BGA and high-density IC connections can be checked for misalignment and other problems. More importantly, x ray inspection allows quality control technicians to view solder joints and inspect them for flaws. This helps catch defects that would otherwise go unnoticed due to […]

   For the electronics manufacturing industry, PCBA (Printed Circuit Board Assembly) is a necessary link, and its indispensable part is the functional test. Functional test is a very important step to ensure product quality, what is its role? Next, DYC will explore in depth what are the common PCBA functional tests.      PCBA functional test is carried out to ensure the electrical performance and functional stability of the product. In the production process, the use of reliable PCBA functional test can detect the defects and faults of the circuit board as early as possible, thus ultimately improving the quality and reliability of the product. At the same time, after […]

PCB color is the pigmented lacquer that manufacturers coat printed circuit boards with. This is usually the color of solder mask. But there’s also another layer called silkscreen. Since these layers are differently colored for trace and other visibility, well start by looking at the options for each. PCB Solder Mask Colors Solder mask is the thin layer that’s used to cover the copper traces. This layer shields the board from damage and short circuits. But while solder mask is traditionally green, it isn’t the only color that manufacturers can use. Other common PCB solder mask colors include yellow, black, white, yellow, red and purple. PCB Silkscreen Colors PCB silkscreen […]

  Resistance refers to the resistance that current encounters in a circuit, or the ability of an object to obstruct the current. The greater the resistance, the greater the resistance to current, and therefore the less current. On the contrary, the smaller the resistance, the less resistance the current is subjected to, and thus the greater the current. The symbol for resistance is’ R ‘. Resistance is a very important basic component in a circuit, which refers to the resistance that current encounters when passing through a certain material or device. Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω), and its value depends on the magnitude of the current and the properties of the material. In circuits, […]

Raspberry Pi is a microcomputer based on ARM architecture, which has won the favor of developers worldwide with its credit card-sized size and powerful features. With the continuous advancement of technology, Raspberry Pi has also continued to release new versions, of which Raspberry Pi 4 and Raspberry Pi 5 are the latest versions of the series. In this article, we will delve into the hardware performance of Raspberry Pi 4 and Raspberry Pi 5, and help you better understand the advantages and disadvantages of these two products through data comparison. I. Processor and Performance The Raspberry Pi 4 uses a quad-core ARM Cortex-A72 processor with a clock speed of 1.5 […]

Starting from this section, we will focus on analyzing the applications of various components in EMC, typically including inductors, capacitors, magnetic beads, resistors, and magnetic rings. The first is the capacitor. 1. In EMC design, the characteristics of the aforementioned components are related to an important factor, such as frequency. Talking about capacitors, inductors, and magnetic beads without discussing frequency is meaningless. Capacitance can be understood as the series connection of parasitic inductance and capacitance. When the frequency exceeds the resonant frequency, the capacitive reactance is smaller than the inductive reactance, and the circuit gradually exhibits inductance characteristics. The resonant frequency can be calculated using the following formula. f =1/（2π√C […]

What Is the Difference Between PCBA and PCB? Printed circuit board (PCB) and printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) are both important terms in the electronics industry. Some people use them interchangeably, but they are actually two distinct things. The main difference between these two terms is that PCB refers to a blank circuitry board, while PCBA refers to a board that contains all of the necessary electronic components for the board to function as needed. A PCB is not yet functional because it does not have the required components in place, while a PCBA is a complete and functional board. PCBs and PCBAs are two different parts of the same […]