PCB design is the entire process of creating printed circuit boards (PCBs) through collaboration and integration across multiple disciplines and fields, including electrical, mechanical, software, systems, testing, and manufacturing. This is a team effort that requires continuous two-way communication. The design of printed circuit boards is based on circuit schematics to achieve the functions required by circuit designers. The design of printed circuit boards mainly refers to layout design, which needs to consider various factors such as external connection layout, optimized layout of internal electronic components, optimized layout of metal connections and through-holes, electromagnetic protection, thermal dissipation, etc. Excellent layout design can save production costs and achieve good circuit performance and heat dissipation. Simple layout design can be achieved manually, while complex layout design requires the use of computer-aided design (CAD).